What is grisels syndrome?

Grisel's syndrome, also known as atlantoaxial subluxation or rotary subluxation, is a rare condition that affects the alignment of the cervical spine. It is characterized by the improper migration or displacement of the C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis) vertebrae, leading to compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots. The condition typically occurs as a complication of upper respiratory tract infections or tonsillectomy, and can also be caused by trauma or be present congenitally. Symptoms of Grisel's syndrome may include neck pain, limited range of motion, and neurological symptoms such as weakness or numbness in the extremities. Treatment options may include conservative measures such as neck brace immobilization, physical therapy, and pain management, or surgical intervention such as reduction and immobilization of the vertebrae or fusion of the affected region.